Lewis f



(No Model.)

I L. F. BETTS.

GAS LAMP. No. 364,703. I Patented June 14; 1887.

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UNITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS r. enters, on NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, orONE-HALF TO THE R. EJDIE'IZOOMPANY, or SAME PLACE.

GAS-LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.364,'703, dated June 14,1887.

I Application filed December 13, 1886. Serial No. 221,354. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Lnwrs F. Bnrrrs, of New York city, county and Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Imp rovementsinGas-Lamps, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and tothe letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention has relation to that class of apparatus wherein gas isburned for illuminating purposes and ordinarily known as gas-lamps.

The object of my invention is to produce a gas-lamp which issimple,cheap, and durable in all its parts, wherein the illuminatingeffects are produced under an economical consumption of gas, wherein theair for support of combustion is brought to a high degree of heatbeforecoming in contact with the flame,

m wherein the gas is heated before issuing from the burner, and whereinthe parts are easily accessible, which lamp or apparatus may be employed for indoor or outdoor illumination,

and embody other points of advantage, as will hereinafter appear. Toaccomplish all of this my improvements involve certain new and usefulpeculiarities of construction, relative arrangements or combinations ofparts, and principles of operation, all of which will be.

0 .hereinfirst fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure1 is an elevation, and Fig. 2 a central vertical section,of

3 5 myimproved device. Fig. 3 is aplan view of v the burner disconnectedfrom the other parts.

In all these figures like letters of reference, wherever they occur,indicate corresponding parts.

A is the gas supply pipe which conducts the-gaseous fuel to the burner,and on which or by which the lamp or apparatus is sustained. This pipe,as will be readily understood, may depend from the ceiling ofa room 5 ormay lead from any side or other source of supply, either indoors oroutdoors, and may be joined with the source of supply in any desiredmanner.

B is a circular burner of Argand pattern,

but in which the gas-jet orifices open downwardly. This burner issecured to the lower and outside the globe.

. D is the upper portion of the draft-chimney,

which rests upon the burner, and vE is the lower portion ofsaidchimney,which is secured to the part D in any suitable way. The up perportion,D, may be made of any materialas metaland enameled, if required,so that it will better withstand the effects of heat to o 5 which it issubjected when the lamp isin use. The lower portion, E, is preferablymade of better heat-resisting material-as lava or any suitablecompound--and it may be made some what thicker than the upper part, asshown, so that it will not be liable to split or crack. The diameter ofthe chimney is smaller than the diameter of the ring of gas-jetorifices, and the lower mouth of the chimney is located at aconsiderable distance below the plane of 7 5 said orifices.

Upon the upper part of the burner is a flange or rim, b, upon which aremounted and secured two, three, or more connecting pieces, as a a,whichsustain an opaque or other shade, F, in proper relation with respect tothe burner. This flange or rim 1) also divides the feed-air into twocurrentsone to the interior and one to the exterior of the flame. A

The shade F is of general conical form, and has a downwardly-projectingneck, (1, which surrounds the burner but leaves an air-passage betweenit and the burner, the neck terminating about on a level with thegas-jet orifices, so that the incoming air may strike the flame near tothe base of the latter.

G is a globe of transparent or translucent material,which is connectedwith the shade or reflectorF by turn-buttons,as at c c,so that it may beeasily detached at any time. The globe is of 9 5 any suitable size andthe shade or reflector is made to project beyond it, so that allthelight from the burner may be reflected downwardly. Covering theburner and extending down for a short distance over the shade orreflector is an air director, H, sustained at a distance above thereflector sufficient to admit all the required air for the support ofcombustion. This shade is shown as mounted upon the chimney, its neckresting on a bead,as f, formed on the chimney; but any means of supportmight be adopted.

A perforated air distributer and regulator, as I I, is located beneaththe director H, and so arranged that all the air which passes to theburner both inside and outside must first pass through the regulator,which insures a steady flame. The regulator is located near to theburner, so that it will not interfere with the inflow of air, and sothat fluctuating currents cannot be generated in the air after it.leaves the regulator.

The burner is ofpeculiar construction. The inner ring, y, is connectedwith the central cross-pipe, and the outer ring, 71, is crowded to placeover {1, leaving a passage for gas between the two. The orifices ofcourse may be formed in any suitable way; butin the burner shown theseorifices are formed by crowding the two rings 9 it over a slitted orindented strip of thin sheet metal. (Represented at t, Fig. 3.) Thismode of forming the orifices is preferred, because it makes them thinand uniform, giving a thin uniform flame, which is best adapted for usein this kind of a lamp. This construction of burner is made apart of aseparate application (Serial No. 221,853, filed December 13, 1886,) forpatent, and is therefore not claimed herein.

The parts of the lamp being assembled as above described, and the gasbeing ignited, the heat from the flame raises the temperature of thereflector or shade and the air-director to a high degree. Air for thesupport of combustion enters between these two elements, and is highlyheated by contact therewith before it reaches the flame, and thus aidsin the production of light from the fact that it does not sensibly coolthe flame upon touching it. The heat thus utilized to elevate thetemperature of the feed-air is only that which would otherwise bewasted, and therefore necessitates 11o extra consumption of gas. Thechannel through which the feed-air enters is inclined upwardly andoffers little resistance to the ingoing currents. The whole currentafter passing the regulator is divided so that a portion passes out sidethe burner to the flame, and the other portion to the interior of theflame through the channel between the burner and chimney, being furtherheated by contact with the chim ney. The flame under the influence ofthe chimneydraft is turned in toward the center of the chimney and uparound the lower margin thereof. The lower mouth of the chimney dependsfar enough so that all the valuable parts of the flame may be utilizedfor illuminating purposes, and the inner current of air above referredto passes between the lower mouth of the chimney and the'flalne, thuspreventing contact of the flame and chimney and thereby avoiding thedeposition of soot and unnecessary damage to the lower mouth. Thesupplypipe A, being located within the chimney, the

contents thereof become highly heated, so the gas issues in a heatedcondition and is immediately surrounded by heated air, so that it may beutilized in an economical manner and without undue loss. The lowerportion of the globe is protected by a perforated plate, K, which ismade movable upon the stem 0, being held to its seat by any suitablespring, as I. This admits a small quantity of air which passes directlyto the chimney and prevents overheating of the globe and chimney; butthe lamp will operate in the same way and with equal advantages it thisplate were solid. Its main purpose is to afford access to the burner forlighting without dismounting the globe. Theplate K can be pulled downwith the hand, the gas ignited, and the plate released, when it willautomatically assume its proper position. The globe may be easilydismounted for cleaning or for gaining access to the burner by turning"he buttons 0 and allowing the globe to move down upon the stem 0; or,if desired to detach the globe, the finger-piece 0 may be removed, orthe stem 0 and globe removed together, after unscrewing the stem andturning the buttons 0.

L is a smoke-bell independent of the lamp and secured at any heightabove the chimney and upon the pipe A, if desired, as by means of asimple set-screw, as m. This prevents the heat and products ofcombustion from contact with surrounding objects.

The improved lamp may be used in any situation, and is found to afford abrilliant,

steady, and intenselight, and generally to admirably answer all thepurposes or objects of the invention, as previously set forth.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new herein, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination, with the burner having the horizontal flange andshade supported upon the said flange, of the globe removably connectedwith said shadeand the draft chimney, substantially as shown, and forthe purposes set forth.

2. The combination, with the burner and central draft-chimney, of theshade, the globe, the valve-stem, the bottom piece, and thereturning-spring, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

v3. In combination with the central pipe, the ring burner having thehorizontal flange, the chimney projecting below the burner and leavingan air-passage between it and the burner, the shade attached to theflange and having the neck surrounding the burner, the air director, andthe air distributer and regulator, substan* tially as shown anddescribed.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand inthe presence of two witnesses.

LEWIS F. BETTS.

Witnesses:

.ToIIN BUcKLnn, \Vonrn Osooon.

